Author(s)

Wanning He ¹, Mengyao Zhang ¹, Miao Yu ¹, Jidong Li ¹

Affiliation(s)

¹ School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China

Corresponding Author

Jidong Li

ABSTRACT

MgH₂ has a theoretical gravimetric hydrogen-storage capacity of approximately 7.6 wt.%; however, the stable Mg-H bond and the surface oxide layer that hinders hydrogen dissociation and diffusion lead to slow activation and high hydrogen-release temperatures in pure Mg systems. In recent years, research on Mg-based hydrogen storage materials has shifted from a single emphasis on capacity enhancement to the coupled regulation of thermodynamics, interfacial catalysis, cycling microstructure and heat exchange in material beds. In Mg-Ni systems, Mg₂Ni/Mg₂NiH₄ pathways improve hydrogen dissociation and diffusion; rare-earth elements often stabilize microstructures through LPSO phases, rare-earth hydrides and multiphase interfaces; and MXenes, high-entropy oxides and transition-metal sulfides mainly reduce the energy barriers for Mg-H bond cleavage and H migration. Reported samples can release approximately 5 wt.% hydrogen at 573 K or achieve rapid dehydrogenation at 250 °C. Nevertheless, when powder-level performance is translated into devices, it remains constrained by cost, capacity dilution, bed-temperature gradients and cyclic pulverization. From an engineering perspective, Mg-based materials should not be evaluated only by peak temperature and single-cycle capacity; hydrogen pressure, cycle number, bed-temperature gradient and the mass of heat-exchange structures should also be reported.

KEYWORDS

Magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials; MgH₂; alloying; catalytic modification; nanostructuring; solid-state hydrogen storage

CITE THIS PAPER

Wanning He, Mengyao Zhang, Miao Yu, Jidong Li. Development and Research Status of Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Materials. Journal of Materials, Processing and Design (2026). Vol. 10, No.1, 90-99. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/jmpd.2026.100112.

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